Europe is concerned about a potential repetition of how American tech giants dominated the social media and cloud markets. Specifically, Europe is worried about being overshadowed by American tech giants in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Margrethe Vestager, the European Commission Executive Vice President, emphasized the importance of keeping the AI market open and providing choices rather than solely relying on American companies. The control over AI technology by a few leading tech companies has raised concerns among competition regulators. For instance, Microsoft's stake in OpenAI and the fierce competition with Google in advanced AI technology have attracted the attention of antitrust authorities. In the United States, both the Justice Department and the Federal Trade Commission are examining OpenAI for potential antitrust violations.

European Union and United Kingdom regulators have also sought feedback on competition issues related to AI. Europe fears a repeat of what occurred with the previous generation of internet giants, where social media, search, and cloud companies established dominant positions, leaving Europe at a disadvantage in catching up and competing. Vestager highlighted how big data transformed market dynamics and anticipates a similar shift with the rapid advancement of AI. The concern of being marginalized by U. S. giants recently led France to delay the approval of the EU's Artificial Intelligence Act, as certain aspects of the legislation were seen as potentially inhibiting France's own AI champion, Mistral AI.