According to a report by +972 magazine and Local Call, Israel allegedly used an AI-powered database named "Lavender" to select targets for assassination in the Gaza Strip. The tool was trained by Israeli military data scientists and sifted through surveillance data to generate target lists. In the early stages of the conflict, the Israeli army reportedly approved the use of Lavender's kill lists without thoroughly checking the machine's choices. The program is said to have identified around 37, 000 Palestinians and their homes for assassination. The scale of destruction and high casualty count in Gaza during the conflict may be attributed to the use of this AI tool.

The IDF denies the existence of a "kill list" and characterizes Lavender as a database for cross-referencing intelligence sources. The US is looking into the media reports. The IDF's targeting strategies have faced widespread criticism, with concerns about the use of heavy, unguided bombs and the targeting of civilian homes. The IDF claims Lavender is not an AI system for identifying terrorists, but a tool for analysts in the target identification process. President Biden and British lawyers have called for changes in Israel's conduct during the conflict.