The Paris AI Action Summit focuses on five main themes: public interest in AI, job impacts, investment strategies, ethical considerations, and regulatory frameworks. With ongoing announcements about AI investments, the summit aims to shift conversations from theoretical safety concerns to actionable initiatives. This gathering represents the third major international event on AI, evolving from an emphasis on safety to action. Previous summits held in the U. K. and South Korea laid the groundwork for more practical discussions in Paris; these themes are expected to influence the direction of global AI dialogue in the future. **AI in the Public Interest – Competition and Investment** Czech President Peter Pavel highlighted AI's potential benefits for healthcare, energy, and education at the summit. However, widespread agreement on "AI for good" applications is limited, as the private sector largely drives development, raising worries about wealth disparity. To address this, France proposed a global platform for fostering public-interest AI projects that prioritize open-access and sovereign solutions. There remains a critical question: how can effective public-private partnerships create real-world applications of public AI? **The Future of Work** According to the IMF, AI could impact around 40% of global jobs, either replacing or complementing roles. The effects will largely depend on whether AI enhances high-income jobs or displaces lower-skilled positions. Reskilling initiatives are inconsistent, often leaving workers passive in AI advancements. Policymakers need to encourage adaptability and promote education that includes AI literacy. Questions arise about how to reskill workers in vulnerable occupations, government policies to alleviate AI's employment impacts, and how businesses might leverage AI for productivity without increasing unemployment. **AI Innovation Funding: A Cross-Cultural Competition** The global race for AI supremacy is intensifying, exemplified by the entry of Chinese startup DeepSeek’s R1 model which rivals offerings from OpenAI and Google at lower costs. Despite the U. S.

leading in AI investment, Europe is lagging, with significantly less venture capital allocated to AI. France recently announced a €109 billion commitment to AI, while a coalition of investors offered €150 billion contingent on a more competitive and transparent EU framework. The UAE also pledged significant funding for a new data center, emphasizing the competitive landscape. Key questions include which nation will outpace others in investment and how will the ecosystem react to U. S. and Chinese dominance? **The Ethics and Reliability of AI Technologies** Previous summits produced the Frontier AI Safety Commitments, intended as a minimum standard for AI risk management. While there has been an increase in safety testing and the establishment of AI safety institutes, concerns remain about the widespread adoption of safety tools amidst the AI arms race. Discussions will weigh the urgency of immediate risks against longer-term issues such as artificial general intelligence. Key issues at stake include whether AI safety tools are keeping pace and if stronger safeguards can be put in place. **Establishing International Standards for AI Regulation** AI governance is currently fragmented, causing regulatory inconsistencies. While the EU’s AI Act is in motion, banning social scoring and manipulation, global oversight lacks cohesion. The Paris summit plans to foster multilateral cooperation, especially concerning AI’s environmental impact. As the EU Act's first provisions took effect, talks are expected to focus on harmonizing regulatory approaches and tackling broader challenges, including ethics and military applications. Critical questions concern the potential for collaboration on global governance and whether a multilateral agreement on environmental impacts can be achieved. The Paris AI Action Summit sets the stage for many crucial discussions; it remains to be seen whether it will lead to concrete commitments towards public-interest AI, enhanced workforce reskilling, competitive investment from Europe, and whether these issues will persist in future summits.