AI Legislation Surge in 2024: Federal and State Efforts
Brief news summary
In 2024, the rapid advancement of generative AI sparked significant discussions and legislative efforts in the U.S., even though no specific federal AI laws were enacted. Two major proposals emerged: the Federal Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Act and the Future of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Act, which aimed at setting AI integration guidelines with a focus on safety and standards, in collaboration with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). California took a leading role in AI legislation, with Governor Gavin Newsom signing 18 AI-related bills. These laws primarily focused on defining key AI concepts and requiring developers to disclose their training data. While SB-1047, addressing AI's involvement in weapons of mass destruction, was vetoed for its narrow scope, SB-942, which enhances AI transparency and mandates AI detection tools, was enacted. However, AB-2930, designed to prevent algorithmic discrimination, failed to pass. In contrast, Colorado enacted legislation akin to AB-2930, concentrating on fairness, risk management, and transparency. States like Colorado, Illinois, and Washington also formed AI task forces to assess consumer and public safety concerns. This wave of legislation highlights the growing significance of AI and signals a shift towards more comprehensive governance strategies.In 2024, although the federal government did not pass AI legislation, there was significant activity in AI-related legal considerations. Both the House of Representatives and the United States Senate introduced comprehensive AI bills. H. R. 6936, introduced in January, aimed to direct the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to develop AI risk management guidelines for federal agencies. However, it made little progress. S. 4178, introduced in April, proposed the creation of an AI Safety Institute within NIST for AI standards and research.
It moved forward in July after passing through committee markup. On the state level, AI legislation saw record levels of activity. California enacted 18 AI bills, with notable laws defining AI and enforcing data transparency and content identification requirements for GenAI systems. Meanwhile, one significant bill on AI safety was vetoed by Governor Gavin Newsom for focusing only on large-scale models. Colorado passed a law similar to a failed California bill, addressing algorithmic discrimination in AI systems. Task forces to explore AI's impacts were established in several states, such as Colorado and Illinois, signaling more AI legislation to come. Overall, 2024 witnessed extensive legislative efforts at both the federal and state levels, preparing the ground for potential AI laws in 2025 and beyond.
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AI Legislation Surge in 2024: Federal and State Efforts
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