The Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency (DCSA), responsible for granting security clearances to millions of U. S. workers, is employing AI tools to streamline its processes. However, DCSA Director David Cattler emphasizes that these AI tools must be transparent and understandable, avoiding the pitfalls of "black boxes. " The agency manages 95% of federal security clearance investigations each year, necessitating efficient handling of vast amounts of data. Cattler applies common-sense checks, like "the mom test, " to ensure ethical data use. While not employing generative AI models like ChatGPT, DCSA organizes data with AI methods similar to those used by traditional tech companies, prioritizing existing threats effectively. Despite AI's potential, there are risks of compromising data security and introducing bias.

Cattler remains optimistic, emphasizing the need for AI systems to demonstrate credibility and consistency. He envisions tools like real-time heatmaps for DCSA facilities to enhance decision-making without uncovering new information. Matthew Scherer from the Center for Democracy and Technology highlights risks when AI makes decisions, such as during background checks, where misidentifications can occur. Cattler assures that DCSA avoids using AI for identifying new risks but acknowledges privacy and bias concerns during information prioritization. The Pentagon's AI use is subject to oversight to guard against biases, given societal values influencing algorithmic decisions evolve over time.